At least Bluetooth and voice-activated technologies minimize these risks, right?<\/h3>\r\nNot so much. In the past few years, the University of Utah Applied Cognition Lab<\/a>, Virginia Tech Transportation Institute (VTTI)<\/a>, The National Safety Council (NSC)<\/a>, The National Highway Traffic Safety Association (NHTSA)<\/a> and most recently, the American Automobile Association (AAA) Foundation for Traffic Safety <\/a>published reports on how multitasking effects drivers. The findings vary but the bottom line is the same: It doesn’t matter if your phone is in your hand or on your head; if your texts come from your fingers or your mouth. Make no mistake, these studies say, there is no<\/i> safe way to do something else while you\u2019re driving.<\/strong> That\u2019s because safe diving doesn’t just mean using your eyes and your hands\u2014it also means using your brain.\r\n\r\n\u201cCognitive distraction,\u201d is what happens when the driver\u2019s mind abandons the road. It\u2019s an immediate and inevitable outcome of multitasking and has been increasingly sited as the source of a staggering number of accidents. The human brain, neurologists are discovering, has finite bandwidth. You can\u2019t add a second task without stealing brainpower from the first.\r\n\r\nWhile daydreaming has always been a problem for drivers, the pervasive adoption of mobile technology has elevated cognitive distraction to untold levels. It\u2019s difficult to measure, but the AAA foundation claims well over 3,000 people die each year in the United States because of distracted driving<\/a>\u00a0(this is considered a conservative estimate). By some estimates, cognitive distraction can be linked to as much as 80 percent of accidents<\/a>. Hands-free technology, it turns out, has allowed us to feel we\u2019re operating safely when, in fact, we\u2019re not. Here\u2019s the breakdown for drivers:\r\n

\r\n \t
• There is\u00a0no\u00a0safety advantage to using a hands-free device instead of a handheld one (University of Utah, NSC and the AAA foundation)<\/li>\r\n \t
• Having a remote (cellular) conversation is like driving with 0.08 percent\u00a0 blood alcohol content (BAC)\u2014enough to warrant a DUI in most states (University of Utah)<\/li>\r\n \t
• You are as likely<\/i> to get hit in states that restrict the use of handheld devices as ones that don\u2019t (The Highway Loss Data Institute)<\/li>\r\n \t
• Of all activities people do in the car, composing a voice-activated text causes the highest level of cognitive disruption\u2014twice that of handheld\u00a0calls (AAA foundation)<\/li>\r\n \t
• Frequent multitaskers falsely believe they are good at it. In actuality, the more often you multitask the more easily-distracted\u2014and the more at risk\u2014you will become (Stanford University)<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\nThe laws meant to protect us haven’t caught up yet. Mobile technology infiltrated our lives quickly (remember the iPhone was released just four years ago) and we are just beginning to understand how it effects driving.\r\n\r\nThe NHTSA, the NSC, State DOTs and countless other organizations are scrambling to address the issue, but currently there are no nationally recognized guidelines for managing cognitive distraction while driving<\/a>. To stay safe behind the wheel, we need to know what\u2019s happening under our hood. The list below can help you understand\u2014and explain\u2014cognitive distraction:\r\n

  Information Processing<\/h3>\r\n\r\n\r\nEver heard yourself say \u201cThat came out of nowhere,\u201d while you were driving?\u00a0 Most likely, you were having difficulty with information processing. This distraction is associated with verbal engagement–listening for comprehension, composing responses, and thinking through a problem–which uses sections of the brain responsible for abstract thinking.\r\n\r\nA\u00a02008 MRI study by Carnegie Mellon University<\/a>\u00a0illustrated the cognitive changes caused by verbal engagement by asking subjects to comprehend spoken sentences. Results showed activity in the parietal lobe\u2014 the critical portion that aid depth perception and spatial awareness\u2014dropped by 37 percent.\r\n\r\nWhat does this condition look like behind the wheel? The studies on multitasking while driving frequently refer to \u201cinattention blindness,\u201d where drivers lack awareness of new objects entering their field of vision. In other words, they might \u201csee\u201d bikers, stop signs, and even traffic signals, but not know they’re there. Additionally, these drivers experience \u201ctunnel vision,\u201d meaning they hyperfocus on the road directly in front of them. Unfortunately, interruptions\u2014including merging traffic and pedestrians, or construction zones signified by traffic cones<\/a>\u2014tend to come from the periphery. Drivers talking on the phone, according to the studies, have up to a 10 percent reduction in reaction time and are more\u00a0likely swerve into the next lane without realizing it.\r\n\r\nThe length of time compounds the danger. Drivers usually begin phone conversations while\u00a0stopped at an intersection or stuck in a traffic jam, when the risk of an accident is perceived to be lower. When activity resumes, however, the driver\u2019s\u00a0cognitive function is\u00a0already impaired. They may continue the activity without realizing their visual\u00a0perception has changed.\r\n\r\nTalking to the person in the next seat, on the other hand, tends to be less problematic because a responsible passenger generally overcompensates for the driver\u2019s lost perception by pointing out turn lanes or oncoming danger. Plus they can see when the road is getting rough and the driver needs silence. Radio at a normal level is usually not a problem, but thought-provoking audio books and podcasts can be, according to a 2013 report by the AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety<\/a>.\r\n\r\nVoice-command technology\u2014especially for texting— interrupts information processing. By this logic, newfangled dashboard apps\u00a0for hands-free email and Facebook updates are probably more dangerous than we realize.\r\n

  Attention Switching<\/h3>\r\nTexting takes seconds and so do accidents. The false perception that it can be performed before the road changes has helped make texting a leading cause of auto-related death in the United States.<\/a>\u00a0Studies claim that texting forces “attention switching,\u201d meaning the driver\u2019s focus is alternating between reading, composing and sending texts and the scenario unfolding on the road.\r\n\r\nDuring this interval, their facilities\u2014hands, eyes and brain\u2014are fully compromised. The back-and-forth cycle makes a driver vulnerable to unpredictable events such as a child running into the street or a sudden halt from the car in front. The problem, however, isn\u2019t limited to texting. Manipulating an audio device, rerouting a GPS or making adjustments to the dashboard without pulling over first can also be considered attention switching.\r\n

  Interruption Addiction<\/h3>\r\n\r\n\r\nMultitasking behind the wheel by grooming, eating, or checking directions while you drive became public habit long before mobile technology. But has it gotten worse? In the recently published Pulitzer Prize nominated book, The Shallows: What the Internet is Doing to our Brain<\/a>, Nicholas Carr claims digital reality has primed our minds for distraction. Inside a car, this can pull us towards food, a hairbrush or a mobile device almost subconsciously.\r\n\r\nBy recent estimates,\u00a0over 40 percent of female drivers apply makeup on their way to work<\/a> and over 80 percent of all drivers eat food <\/a>from behind the wheel in the United States. In the UK, a country whose population is 20 percent of the United States\u2019, women who apply makeup while driving cause a half million car crashes annually<\/a>.\r\n\r\nStudies have compared electronic attachment to substance abuse. When asked to refrain from devices, heavy users exhibit withdrawal symptoms including anxiety and paranoia and even physical responses like headaches and nausea\u2014sometimes in a matter of minutes. That might explain why, at any given moment, 660,000 drivers are handling electronic devices in the United States, according to NHTSA. These drivers might know it\u2019s wrong, but it\u2019s easy to feed the urge all alone inside the car.\r\n

  Cognitive Overload<\/h3>\r\nNot engaging with an automated device or any other distraction while in your vehicle is a cornerstone of driver safety. But it\u2019s not the whole picture. Our brains, like our biceps, adapt to the way they\u2019re used. Frequently flipping between screens may physiologically alter the ability to focus, a\u00a0Stanford\u00a0study on digital media multitasking<\/a>\u00a0discovered.\r\n\r\n\u201cHeavy multimedia users are more likely to respond to stimuli outside the realm of their immediate task,\u201d the study says. \u201cThey may be sacrificing performance on the primary task to let in other sources of information.\u201d\r\n\r\nAnd so it goes. In the digital age, letting your mind jump from composing email to planning dinner to trying to remembering who you need to call feels normal. That doesn\u2019t change \u00a0just because you\u2019re looking straight ahead with both hands on the wheel.\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nImage Credit: Jon Olav on Flickr,\u00a0http:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/jonolave\/<\/a><\/em>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

  \u00a0To learn more about cognitive distraction in drivers and \u00a0how you can help visit http:\/\/www.distraction.gov We all do it. We\u2019re late for work so we take our breakfast with us in the car. We\u2019re stuck in gridlock so we check our reflection and fix our hair. We fumble with the dial or reset the GPS without pulling over. Drivers are … Continue reading “Studies show hands-free devices are still unsafe! How your brain causes car accidents.”<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1514,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[13],"tags":[85,33,84],"class_list":["post-677","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-traffic-safety","tag-cognitive-distraction","tag-texting-while-driving","tag-driving-in-the-digital-age"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/staging.trafficsafetystore.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/677","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/staging.trafficsafetystore.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/staging.trafficsafetystore.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/staging.trafficsafetystore.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/staging.trafficsafetystore.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=677"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/staging.trafficsafetystore.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/677\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6464,"href":"https:\/\/staging.trafficsafetystore.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/677\/revisions\/6464"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/staging.trafficsafetystore.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1514"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/staging.trafficsafetystore.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=677"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/staging.trafficsafetystore.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=677"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/staging.trafficsafetystore.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=677"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}